Seismic response of pile groups improved with deep cement mixing columns in liquefiable sand: shaking table tests

A series of shaking table model tests were performed to examine the effects deep cement mixing (DCM) columns with different reinforcement depths on seismic behavior a pile group in liquefiable sand. Due DCM column reinforcement, fundamental natural frequency ground increases noticeably. The excess pore pressure soils reduces increase columns. Before liquefaction, acceleration response improved cases is obviously lower than that unimproved case, but attenuation greater after liquefaction case. Moreover, lateral displacement superstructure, settlement raft, and bending moment piles are significantly reduced compared those reduction ratios rise depth However, by may result variation location maximum occurs pile.